Valve for oil-engines.



E. B, BLAKELY.

VALVE FOR OIL ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYa. |918 Patented Mar. 11,1919.

' ing secured by UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEToE.

EDWARD B. BLAKELY, OFYCHICAGO, ILLINOIS. ASSIGNOR TO R. M. HVID COMPANY, OF

f CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN,

VALVE Eon OIL-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led May 3, '1918. Serial No. 232.226.

To all whom, it 'may concern.' i

Beit known that I, EDWARD B. BLA1iELY,a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have; invented certain new and useful Improvements in IValves for (lil-Engines,"of which the following is a specification. f

My invention relates to hydro-carbon engines of the semi-Diesel or Hvid type in which ignition is effected by the heat of e compression and liquid fuel is inhaled on the,

suction stroke.I

It has been found in practice that. in the construction of certain types of the engine just described, Inirticularly horizontal engines, it is necessary to provide the head of the cylinder with a relatively long passage or space Within which combustion takes place and into which the fuel-receiving and In view of the fact that this space is in effect a cu-(Ic-.wlc and must be of relatively large size it is diiiicult to clear the space of dead gases on the scavenging stroke of the piston.

To this end I have devised a simple expedient forovercoming the objection referred to and enhancing combustion, the result beproviding a small air admission valve at the inner end of the passage 'or space, this valve being adapted to automatl'cally open on vthe suction stroke' and sweep the space with a current of fresh an'.

The efficiency of an engine of this type. de-

pends,of course, on the extent of combustion of the fuel and as combustion is not enhancedby the dead gases which remain in the communicating passage referredlto, a certain loss is apparent unless the dead gases can be displaced from the passage. It is true that -a certain amount of fresh airis admitted into the cup with the fuel, but the communicating apertures in the cup are small and the pressure, `or technically, the

reduction of pressure, is not sulicient to ad' mit a suicient quantity of air'into the pas sage referred to in order to accomplish t-he desired result. It is also impractical because of lack of space to mount the main intake valve in proper position to sweep the pas-l sage with fresh air.- I have therefore provided a small valve in such position as to secure the `desired result and inpractice it is found that a considerable increase in .eflieiency is lsecured.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through au engine constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. :l is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and,

{"ig. 3 is an enlarged detail view of the va ve.

In the drawings it willl be seen that t-he cylinder 10, is provided with a head 11, suitably secured thereto, both the` cylinder and head having water circulating passages as usual in suchen-ses. A piston 12, is mounted inthe cylinder and performs its usual function. The cylinder head contains the exhaust and main inlet valves 13. 1+, which are located at the junction between the head and cylinder and openl directly into the compression space at the end of the piston. The ignition means comprises a plug 15, carryin at its lower end a cup 16. having the usuz minute escape apertures 17. Fuel is supplied to the passage 18, the same being controlled by the needle valve 19. The fuel and a small quantity of air are admitted simultaneously by the opening of the valve 20, during the suction stroke of the piston. The cup 16, projects into a passage or space 21, which is in effect a czZ-(e-sac. Such a design is necessary in a horizontal engine for several reasons which need not be specifically outlined herein. However, the gases of combastion which do not support further coinbustion tend to remain in this pocket after the scavenglng stroke of the piston and retard combustlon during the subsequent cycle.

To obviate this I ,mount at the closed end'of the space 21, a valve 2:2,which is mounted within and has a seat upon aY tubular casing 23, adapted to be threaded into the cylinder head. The valve'stem is guided at its outer end by a small nut 24, which slides within' the bore of the casing 23, a spring 25, which bears on the nut 24, and on a shoulder in the casing, serving normally to retain the valve inclosed position. The strength of the spring is such that on thesuction stroke air which will support combustion.

The exact form and arrangement of the valve and its location with respect to the passage are unimportant and I do not wish to be limited except as indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In an oil burning engine, the combination with the cylinder and pi'ston of a cylinder head having a space communicating with the cylinder and within which space the ignition of the fuel takes place, a main valve for admitting air to the cylinder, and an auxiliary valve for admitting air to said Space at a point in each cycle of the engine during normal operation, substantially described.

2. In a hydro-carbon engine, the combination with the cylinder and piston, of a cylinder head, provided with a space to which fuel is fed and within which the fuel is burned, and a valve located near the extremity of said space, said valve being adaptedl to admit fresh air into said space during each suction stroke of the piston, substantially as described.

3. In a horizontal engine of the type in which liquid fuel is direct-ly inhaled on the suction stroke, the combination of a head having a relatively long horizontal passage communicating with the space at the end of the piston, a main air inlet valve, a fuel igniting cup projecting into said passage, and an automatically operating auxlliary admission valve located at the closed end of said passage for admitting a smalll quantity of fresh -air to the passage on the lsuction stroke of the piston during lthe normal operation of the engine, substantially as described.

Signed at. Chicago, Ill., this 30th day of 40 T. D. BUTLER. 

